Apparatus for pulverizing material



May 12, 1936. G. H. KAEMMERLING- 2 4 APPARATUS FOR PULVERIZING MATERIAL Filed Jan. 12, 1931 BY J l- 1 Igfl v Q I AT/TORNEYS.

Patented May 12, 1936 APPARATUS FOR PULVERIZING MATERIAL Gustav Henry Kaemmerling, Erie, Pa., assignor to Eric City Iron Works, Erlegl'ar, a corporation of Pennsylvania Application January 12, 1931, was... 508,022

" 1 Claim. 83-1-11) Pulverizers, particularly pulverizers for coal have heretofore been made, some of them operating on the crushing system in which the coal is actually crushed by direct pressure, such as in a ball mill. Another system is one in which the coal is pulverized by attrition, the attrition being accomplished by movement on some attrition surface, or by attrition between the several particles of coal itself. Another system involves m the pulverizing of coal through impact in which the coal is givena high velocity, or some anvil is given a high velocity and the impact between the coal and anvil issuch as to shatter the coal and in consequence to pulverize it. The impact ,5 and attrition systems have been more or less combined in many mechanical pulverizers. An effort to pulverize coal through attrition and impact has been made by usingair, or steam under pressure, utilizing this air, or steam to drive the 30 coal through a conduit so as to give the coal the desired velocity and to subject the coal to impact through interposed anvils in the path of the coal and also to attrition due to deflecting the conduit.

25 With any practical development with-relation to pulverizing coal, the real question involved is the power consumption necessary to effect pulverization. It is possible to effect pulverization with any of the systems heretofore used, but it o is very diflicult to utilize a very large proportion of the actual energy expended in effecting pulverization. In other words, the energy losses are very great. i

The present invention is designed to reduce 35 these energy losses. In the devices utilizing air, or steam, for accelerating the coal, losses have been encountered in introducing the fuel to this pressure system in quantities sufficient to fully utilize the energy of the pressure air and also in 40 transferring the energy of the pressure air to the fuel. I have discovered that these losses may be very much reduced, if instead of attempting to drive the coal with air above atmospheric pressure the air movement is induced by a suc- 5 tio" effort to the intake in which case the introdue ion of fuel is very much simplified and the ener y required to attain the necessary shattering velc ,-ity of the fuel is much reduced. I have also Cscovered that in the mechanical breaking 50 of the 'oal it may be very much more economically complished if the pulverization is accomplish. entirely, or as near entirely as possible, by impact; and that the shattering of coal through impact to effect pulverization can be 55 accomplished utilizing-a great deal larger percentage of the energy input to the apparatus than ispossible where attrition is attempted either alone, or in combination with the. impact scheme; My invention, therefore, contemplates the pulverizing of coal as nearly as practical 5 through impact, alone and preferably by combining the impact system through a suction effort of air and through a heater system, or mechanical impact directly applied. Features and details of the invention will appear from the speciflcation and claim.

.A preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing'as follows:-

Fig. 1 shows a central section through the de- 1;,

vice on the line l--l in Fig. 2.

Fig. 2 a section on the line 2--2 in Fig. l. I

An inlet tube l receives fuel from a hopper 2. The tube is preferably provided with an opening below the discharge of the hopper. movement through the opening 3 is sufflcient to pick up and float the fuel as it is introduced to the intake tube l but is not suflicient to pick up and carry forward the tramp iron, or other foreign substances heavier than coal so that this separation is very readily and cheaply accomplished. In order to regulate the air intake a butterfly valve 4 is arranged at the end of the conduit, or tube I.

The tube l leads to a fan casing 5. The fan is provided with a fan disc 6 on which are arranged paddles l which not only operate as fan blades, but also as beater paddles. The disc 6 is secured to an anvil 8 forming the hub of the fan and the anvil is fixed on a shaft 9. The shaft 9 is driven from any source of power (not shown).

The fuel as it is drawn in through the suction eflort of the fan is accelerated in the tube l and through its inertia shattering impact is accomplished against the anvil 8. With this system it is feasible with a comparatively small amount of energy output to secure sumcient velocity of the fuel that the impact will shatter a portion of the fuel to a fineness requisite for proper burning. The proportion pulverized, of course, may be increased, or diminished by the length of the tube, the velocity of the fan, and other factors entering into the acceleration of the fuel and this manner of pulverization may accomplish complete pulverization by separating the fines and re-circulating the coarse through the apparatus i a sufllcient number of times to complete the pulverization, if desired. Such separating and recirculating systems are well-known in the art with pressure pulverizing apparatus and may be The air 20 I more simply applied to the present apparatus in as much as the coarse portions'may be simply dumped into the hopper 2 with the fuel.

I prefer, however, to acid to the action of the fan a direct mechanical shattering through impact and to best accomplish this with as little attrition as possible I provide a radial deflector II leading from the anvil to the inner edge of the fan blades. By this the air acted upon by the fan and with it the fuel reaches the fan blades, Y

or heaters, by a movement approximately radial and in consequence the fuel'is given a shattering blow by the beater, or fan blades. This blow shatters and accelerates the material and it is thrown against one or more anvils it in the periphery of the shell from which the pulverized fuel is carried out through the discharge i2. .Preferably the liner i5 is circular throughout the greater portion of the periphery, that is to say, from the discharge II to the side i6 of the deflector. Preferably this deflector is adjustably supported so that it may be rotated so as to adjust it properly with relation to the anvils i4 and the discharge l2.

It will be noted that with this apparatus losses through attrition friction are very much reduced; that the introduction of the fuel is very much simplifled in that there is no necessity for avoiding back leakage as is necessary with systems using pressure air, or steam. Thus the energy losses which are present with the pressure systems in efiecting the introduction of the fuel to the moving air are entirely obviated. The velocity thus obtained of the incoming fuel is sumcient without material energy loss and with a large capacity to shatter to pulverization quite a proportion of the coal on the anvil 8 and by giving to the fuel a radial movement so that it receives with practically no attrition a shattering blow of the fan blades. or paddles a second stage of puiverization is accomplished which is still further supplemented by the shattering blow against the anvils it. Thus pulverization is accomplished almost entirely through impact and with an energy loss very much less than with systems in which the impact is combined with attrition,

Further the apparatus for accomplishing this is very much simplified.

What I claim as new is:

In a pulverizer, the combination of a rotary beater comprising beater blades; means comprising stationary guides positioned within the rotary beater and confining the material to a radial path to a point adjacent to the edges of the beater blades and feeding the material, substantially restricted against rotative movement, to the beater at an abrupt angle to the path of the beater blades; and an outer imperforate wall in close proximity to the outer edges of the beater blades throughout the major portion of the circumference, said outer wall having a discharge opening extending outwardly therefrom, the outlet in the wall being in close proximity to the radial position of the guides.

GUSTAV HENRY G. 

